Adaptive end-to-end optimization of mobile video streaming using QoS negotiation

Video streaming over wireless links is a non-trivial problem due to the large and frequent changes in the quality of the underlying radio channel combined with latency constraints. We believe that every layer in a mobile system must be prepared to adapt its behavior to its environment. Thus layers must be capable of operating in multiple modes; each mode will show a different quality and resource usage. Selecting the right mode of operation requires exchange of information between interacting layers. For example, selecting the best channel coding requires information about the quality of the channel (capacity, bit-error-rate) as well as the requirements (latency, reliability) of the compressed video stream generated by the source encoder. In this paper we study the application of our generic QoS negotiation scheme to a specific configuration for mobile video transmission. We describe the results of experiments studying the overall effectiveness, stability, and dynamics of adaptation of our distributed optimization approach

Improving the Students\u27 Writing Competence in a Second Language Acquisition Through the Implementation of Lesson Study

Writing is the most difficult skill for second language learners. It can be seen, for example, they always make ageneralization, simplification, less of knowing vocabularies, punctuation, spelling, and grammar. This paper will describe improving the students\u27 writing competence in second language acquisition through the implementation of lesson study in faculty of language education of Indraprasta PGRI University of Jakarta. This research uses qualitative approach and the data taken from the students who are studying writing in the class. In applying lesson study, lecturer model explains about the materials based on the syllabus of the subject. The students are also given tasks in their groups. The observers watch and write about the students and assist them. After doing this, the observers discuss about the class with the lecturer model. By doing the implementation of Lesson Study, the students can work in group together, the class is so inspiring, they feel satisfied with the explanation of the lecturer model and havegood impact to improve the students\u27 writing competence

Can the mean linear energy transfer of organs be directly related to patient toxicities for current head and neck cancer intensity-modulated proton therapy practice?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of proton therapy is predicted to vary with the dose-weighted average linear energy transfer (LETd). However, RBE values may substantially vary for different clinical endpoints. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of relating mean D⋅LETd parameters to patient toxicity for HNC patients treated with proton therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The delivered physical dose (D) and the voxel-wise product of D and LETd (D⋅LETd) distributions were calculated for 100 head and neck cancer (HNC) proton therapy patients using our TPS (Raystation v6R). The means and covariance matrix of the accumulated D and D⋅LETd of all relevant organs-at-risk (OARs) were used to simulate 2.500 data sets of different sizes. For each dataset, an attempt was made to add mean D⋅LETd parameters to a multivariable NTCP model based on mean D parameters of the same OAR for xerostomia, tube feeding and dysphagia. The likelihood of creating an NTCP model with statistically significant parameters (i.e. power) was calculated as a function of the simulated sample size for various RBE models. RESULTS: The sample size required to have a power of at least 80% to show an independent effect of mean D⋅LETd parameters on toxicity is over 15000 patients for all toxicities. CONCLUSION: For current clinical practice, it is not feasible to directly model NTCP with both mean D and mean D⋅LETd of OARs. These findings should not be interpreted as a contradiction of previous evidence for the relationship between RBE and LETd

Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa Indonesia Dalam Karangan Eksposisi Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas

: The purpose of this research is : (1) to describes the error of Indonesian language in exposition text by the students at class X of SMA Negeri in Karanganyar in the academic year 2011/2012; (2) causes of error, and (3) the effort which is done by the teacher and student to solve the error. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with a sample student text SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar and SMA Negeri Kebakkramat. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews and document analysis. Data analysis technique used is the interactive analytical model that includes four components, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The conclusions of this study are as follows. Firstly, the linguistic elements of language errors that often occur in the student text is divided into four errors : spelling error, diction, sentence, and paragraph. Secondly, language errors that often occur in a student text exposition caused by several factors, among others: is inadequate of language mastery, lack of examples by the teachers, the influence of foreign language, lack of writing peactice, and lack of writing time. Thirdly, the efforts have been made to minimize errors include: improving students\u27 language mastery, having more practices in writing, implementing appropriate correction technique, and implementing a process approach to teaching writing

A Decision Support Tool to Optimize Selection of Head and Neck Cancer Patients for Proton Therapy

SIMPLE SUMMARY: A decision support tool was developed to select head and neck cancer patients for proton therapy. The tool uses delineation data to predict expected toxicity risk reduction with proton therapy and can be used before a treatment plan is created. The positive predictive value of the tool is >90%. This tool significantly reduces delays in commencing treatment and avoid redundant photon vs. proton treatment plan comparison. ABSTRACT: Selection of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients for proton therapy (PT) using plan comparison (VMAT vs. IMPT) for each patient is labor-intensive. Our aim was to develop a decision support tool to identify patients with high probability to qualify for PT, at a very early stage (immediately after delineation) to avoid delay in treatment initiation. A total of 151 HNC patients were included, of which 106 (70%) patients qualified for PT. Linear regression models for individual OARs were created to predict the D(mean) to the OARs for VMAT and IMPT plans. The predictors were OAR volume percentages overlapping with target volumes. Then, actual and predicted plan comparison decisions were compared. Actual and predicted OAR D(mean) (VMAT R(2) = 0.953, IMPT R(2) = 0.975) and NTCP values (VMAT R(2) = 0.986, IMPT R(2) = 0.992) were highly correlated. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the decision support tool were 64%, 87%, 92% and 51%, respectively. The expected toxicity reduction with IMPT can be predicted using only the delineation data. The probability of qualifying for PT is >90% when the tool indicates a positive outcome for PT. This tool will contribute significantly to a more effective selection of HNC patients for PT at a much earlier stage, reducing treatment delay

Pusat Informasi Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kalimantan Timur di Samarinda

Samarinda sekarang merupakan ibukota dari Kalimantan Timur yang didalamnya memiliki potensi pariwisata dan kebudayaan. Hadirnya fasilitas pusat informasi ini bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kota atas potensi dan penjawaban salah satu permasalahan kota yang ada. Pusat Informasi ini di desain untuk memberikan informasi serta pemasaran tentang pariwisata dan kebudayaan yang ada di wilayah Kalimantan Timur. tidak hanya berupa data saja tetapi dari fasilitas gallery, workshop, ampitheatre, perpustakaan sampai informasi yang berupa kuliner dari resotran yang di desain.informasi juga dipaparkan lewat puisi semiotika yaitu pada ekspresi bangunan yang menggunakan pendekatan simbolik dengan tema “Genesis of East Borneo Culture”. Tidak semata-mata mentah mengambil bentuk dari arsitektur Kalimantan Timur tetapi dimodernisasikan mengikuti perkembangan dunia arsitektur disertai dengan Kubahan bentuk melalui proses simbolik